Interactive reading activities, such as book clubs, author visits, reading challenges, storytelling sessions, and interactive book-themed games, highlight the value and joy of reading.
Language Use
Understanding language in print is fundamental to developing reading skills. Teachers must intentionally create time and space for reading different text, media, genres, and literature.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to the novel concepts of literature through reading and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Explicitly demonstrating sign language features, such as sign production, classifier use and explaining organization of signs, is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Kinesic Awareness
Students need to be taught that the words they sign and fingerspell can be broken into parts based on kinesics. This awareness plays an essential role in fingerspelling out and spelling words.
Encoding
Understanding the relationships between fingerspelled words and words in text is also essential for developing language and literacy, particularly in the early elementary years. Students learn these fingerspelled letter connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding the signed word meanings and learning fingerspelling patterns and strategies. Students must have opportunities to practice fingerspelling new vocabulary words and define words in ASL to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in expanding vocabulary fluency and comprehension so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers need to create opportunities to practice fingerspelling and defining in ASL after being introduced to new age-/grade-appropriate words.
Conventions
To communicate effectively through expression in sign language, students need to be explicitly taught how to use the mechanics of signed language and given opportunities to practice them, such as when and how to use topicalization, pausing, and body shifting.
Explicitly demonstrating written language features, such as how letters and words are used and explaining text organization, is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Orthographic Awareness
Students should be taught that the words they read can be broken into parts, known as morphemes. This awareness plays an essential role in writing out/reading out and spelling words.
Decoding
Understanding the relationships between fingerspelled/spoken words and words in text is also essential for developing language and literacy, particularly in the early elementary years. Students learn these fingerspelled letter-sound connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding word meanings and learning spelling patterns and strategies. Students should have opportunities to see and interpret text and spelled words to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in recognizing words effortlessly so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers should to create opportunities for students to read words and check for their understanding to grow their vocabulary fluency and comprehension.
Conventions
To communicate effectively through reading, students should be explicitly taught the mechanics of written text, such as capitalization and punctuation in text.
Explicitly demonstrating spoken language features, such as lip movements and voices, and explaining speech organization is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Phonological Awareness
Students should be taught that the words they lipread or hear can be broken into parts, based on individual speech sounds, known as phonemes. This phonemic awareness plays an essential role in fingerspelling/sounding out and spelling words.
Decoding
Understanding the relationships between spoken sounds and words in text is also essential for the development of reading and writing, particularly in the early elementary years. Students best learn these letter-sound connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding meanings of the spoken words and learning spelling patterns and strategies. Students should have opportunities to hear and interpret different sounds, including letters and words, and/or lipread to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in recognizing words effortlessly so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers need to create opportunities for students to lipread and hear spoken words and check for their understanding to grow their vocabulary fluency and comprehension.
Conventions
To communicate effectively by listening, students need to be explicitly taught the mechanics of a spoken language, such as intonation and pausing.
Interactive viewing exercises, such as immersive storytelling, and engaging viewing games highlight the value and joy of signed communication.
Language Use
Interactive reading activities, such as book clubs, author visits, reading challenges, storytelling sessions, and interactive book-themed games, highlight the value and joy of reading.
Knowledge Building
Interactive lipreading/listening activities such as lipreading games, audio stories, role playing, and debates highlight the value and joy of lipreading/listening.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction sign productions enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers need to offer authentic signing opportunities and instruction.
Comprehension Strategies
Students must recognize and address gaps in understanding when viewing sign language, using problem-solving skills. Teachers need to model and encourage effective viewing comprehension strategies.
Explicitly demonstrating sign language features, such as sign production, classifier use and explaining organization of signs, is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Kinesic Awareness
Students need to be taught that the words they sign and fingerspell can be broken into parts based on kinesics. This awareness plays an essential role in fingerspelling out and spelling words.
Encoding
Understanding the relationships between fingerspelled words and words in text is also essential for developing language and literacy, particularly in the early elementary years. Students learn these fingerspelled letter connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding the signed word meanings and learning fingerspelling patterns and strategies. Students must have opportunities to practice fingerspelling new vocabulary words and define words in ASL to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in expanding vocabulary fluency and comprehension so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers need to create opportunities to practice fingerspelling and defining in ASL after being introduced to new age-/grade-appropriate words.
Conventions
To communicate effectively through expression in sign language, students need to be explicitly taught how to use the mechanics of signed language and given opportunities to practice them, such as when and how to use topicalization, pausing, and body shifting.
Interactive reading activities, such as book clubs, author visits, reading challenges, storytelling sessions, and interactive book-themed games, highlight the value and joy of reading.
Language Use
Understanding language in print is fundamental to developing reading skills. Teachers should intentionally create time and space for reading different text, media, genres, and literature.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to the novel concepts of literature through reading and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction texts enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers should to offer authentic writing opportunities and instruction.
Comprehension Strategies
Students should use problem-solving skills to recognize and address gaps in understanding when reading text. Teachers should model and encourage effective reading comprehension strategies.
Explicitly demonstrating written language features, like such as how letters and words are used, and explaining text organization is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Orthographic Awareness
Students need to be taught that the words they write can be broken into parts, known as morphemes. This awareness plays an essential role in writing out/reading out and spelling words.
Encoding
Understanding the relationships between fingerspelled/spoken words and words in text is also essential for developing language and literacy, particularly in the early elementary years. Students learn these fingerspelled letter-sound connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding the word meanings and learning spelling patterns and strategies. Students should have opportunities to practice spelling new vocabulary words and defining words in written English to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in recognizing words effortlessly so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers should create opportunities for students to read words and check for their understanding to grow their vocabulary fluency and comprehension.
Conventions
To support students in expanding vocabulary fluency and comprehension so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers should create opportunities to practice spelling and defining in text after being introduced to new age-/grade-appropriate words.
Interactive lipreading/listening activities, such as lipreading games, audio stories, role playing, and debates, highlight the value and joy of lipreading/listening.
Language Use
Understanding and using spoken language is fundamental to developing auditory listening and/or lipreading skills. Teachers should intentionally create time and space for students to interact with spoken language through listening and viewing.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to the novel concepts of lip movements through lipreading and of sounds through listening and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction audio/verbal productions enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers should offer authentic mouthing/speaking opportunities and instruction.
Comprehension Strategies
Students should use problem-solving skills to recognize and address gaps in understanding when lipreading/listening spoken language. Teachers should model and encourage effective listening comprehension strategies.
Explicitly demonstrating spoken language features, such as lip movements and voices, and explaining speech organization is vital for language and literacy introduction.
Phonological Awareness
Students should be taught that the words they mouth or say can be broken into parts, based on individual speech sounds, known as phonemes. This phonemic awareness plays an essential role in fingerspelling out/sounding out and spelling words.
Encoding
Understanding the relationships between spoken sounds and words in text is also essential for the development of reading and writing, particularly in the early elementary years. Students best learn these letter-sound connections through systematic and explicit teaching.
Vocabulary
Success in using language requires understanding the word meanings and learning spelling patterns and strategies. Students should have opportunities to practice speaking/mouthing new vocabulary words and define words in spoken English to promote vocabulary growth.
Fluency and Expression
To support students in expanding vocabulary fluency and comprehension so they can focus more on the idea(s), teachers need to create opportunities to practice mouthing and/or describing in spoken language after being introduced to new age-/grade-appropriate words.
Conventions
To communicate effectively by speaking, students need to be explicitly taught the mechanics of a spoken language, such as intonation and pausing.
Teachers need to build a productive learning community by preparing engaging viewing activities and allocating instructional time for students to feel confident and motivated to learn viewing skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' viewing skills and offering feedback guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
Interactive signing games, storytelling, role playing, and creative exercises cultivate a passion for signing and inspire active participation and fascination.
Language Use
Understanding and using sign language is fundamental to developing signing skills. so Teachers must create time and space for expressive ASL discourses.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to novel concepts of signed language through signing and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction sign productions enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers should offer authentic signing opportunities and instruction.
Processes & Strategies
Signing involves complex skills. Teachers need to ensure student learning through engaging opportunities, emphasizing planning, organizing, editing, and revising signed compositions.
Teachers build a productive learning community by preparing engaging reading activities and allocating instructional time for students to feel confident and motivated to learn reading skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' reading skills and offering feedback guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
Interactive writing activities, such as creative writing prompts, collaborative storytelling, penpal exchanges, and author-led workshops, cultivate a passion for writing and its significance.
Language Use
Understanding the language in print is fundamental to developing reading skills, so teachers should intentionally create time and space for reading different text, media, genres, and such literature works.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to novel expression concepts through writing and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction texts enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers should offer authentic writing opportunities and instruction.
Processes and Strategies
Writing involves complex skills. Teachers should ensure student learning through engaging opportunities, emphasizing planning, organizing, editing, and revising written compositions for students.
Teachers should create a vital mouthing/speaking environment, planning activities and instructional time to build a confident, motivated learning community for mouthing/speaking skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' mouthing/speaking skills and offering feedback guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
Interactive signing games, storytelling, role playing, and creative exercises cultivate a passion for signing and inspire active participation and fascination.
Language Use
Understanding and using spoken language is fundamental to developing mouthing/speaking skills. Teachers should intentionally create time and space for mouthing and speaking activities.
Knowledge Building
Exposing students to the novel concepts of mouthing and speaking, and encouraging inquiry and exploration enhances their school success.
Teachers should build a productive learning community by preparing engaging lipreading/listening activities and allocating instructional time for students to feel confident and motivated to learn lipreading/listening skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' lipreading/listening skills and offering feedback guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
Analyzing fiction and nonfiction audio/verbal productions enhances students' grasp of purpose, audience, and message. Teachers should offer authentic mouthing/speaking opportunities and instruction.
Processes and Strategies
Mouthing/speaking involves complex skills. Teachers should ensure learning through engaging opportunities, emphasizing planning, organizing, editing, and revising spoken compositions for students.
Teachers need to create a vital signing environment, planning activities and instructional time to build a confident, motivated learning community for signing skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' signing skills and offering feedback, guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
Teachers should create a vital writing environment, planning activities and instructional time to build a confident, motivated learning community for writing skills.
Assessments for Instruction
Regularly assessing students' writing skills and offering feedback guides both students and teachers in whole class and small group instruction.
